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四级英语阅读技巧

来源:黄埔军事冬夏令营

时间: 2016/10/14 15:33:38

 

  在英语考试中,若是掌握好阅读的技巧,那么阅读理解就是一个比较容易那分的一块了,下面是四级英语的阅读技巧,欢迎大家阅读了解!

  一: 详略得当

  对于大学英语四级阅读测试来说,根据题目的“题眼”在文章中找到答案是较关键的,这样我们就要在阅读时注意详略得当。克服精读精益求精的习惯,做到有信息处精读,无信息处略读,略读处一扫而过。对所要解释或证明的观点的细节举例处或者通常有数个名词的并列项,它们不是完整的主谓宾的句子,因此无法与问题对应的详细列举处,都可以略读。那么题目中数字、人名等信息(题眼)在原文中对应的部分必须详读。

  CET-4样卷原文中有这样一段:

  There are two ways to bury trash:

  Dump — an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats, mice, birds). (This is most people’s idea of a landfill!)

  Landfill— carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surrounding environment (groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil.

  Sanitary landfill — landfill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment

  Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill — landfill that uses a synthetic (plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environment

  文章是对Dump和Landfill分别做了一个解释,这些就应该是考生略读的地方。

  二:显性信息

  查读的信息通常是显性信息,只要将问题在原文中进行准确定位就能得到正确答案,一般不需要做推理。

  [例2] The death rate on highways is half that of all other U.S. roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads).

  [题目] In spite of safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways is still higher than that of other American roads.

  [解析] 从题干中的关键信息短语 the death rate on interstate highway可采取寻读法找到较后一句话为原文出处。原文中明确指出高速公路上的死亡率只是其他公路的一半(half that of…)与题干中的 is still high than(仍高出)相矛盾,可判断此句话错误。

  特别提示:考生对于以下一些显性信息也应注意

  (1) 表示因果关系的词或词组:because, reason, due to, since, so that, therefore等

  (2) 表示目的关系的词或词组:in order to, so as to, by等

  (3) 表示转折关系的词或词组:but, however, yet等

  (4) 表示对比关系的词或词组:contrary to, unlike, like等

  三:题文同序

  大学英语四级考试的阅读部分,问题顺序与原文顺序一致(有时判断题和填空题交汇处顺序不一致),这就要求考生应该按照题目的顺序依次做题。对于所有的四级阅读文章这个技巧都适用,在此就不做特别举例

  四:分解对应

  分解对应四分法(阅读的解题核心):将问题分解成4个部分(主A 谓B宾C+其他D),与原文进行对比。

  [例3] A landfill is not like a compost pile, where the purpose is to bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly.

  [题目] Landfills are like compost piles in that they speed up decomposition of the buried trash.

  [解析] 我们可以将题目简单划分句子成分:主语为Landfills,谓语为are,宾语为like compost piles,speed up decomposition of the buried trash.与原文bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly相对应,这样我们就很容易的看到题目Landfills are like compost piles,可是原文中却是A landfill is not like a compost pile,很明显我们就可以得到正确答案,故答案为N

  五:一段一题、长段两题、平均分配

  大学英语四级考试的阅读的出题方式一般都为一段出一题、长段出两题,遵循平均分配题目所在位置的原则,在此也不做特别举例。

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