关于托福的结构化阅读解析？新航道雅思具备新航道自身的很多优势，比如课程种类丰富，师资强大，课程设置完善，小班教学等。QQ214983449穆老师

托福阅读一直被认为是托福考试中必须拿的单项。因为我们已经习惯了乐此不疲地背单词，分析长难句，甚至做逐句翻译等等。但是，我们却陷入了阅读速度慢，整合、预判信息的能力弱，掌握的信息七零八落的怪圈。那么如何在踏踏实实积累词汇和语法知识的基础上，进一步提升阅读能力呢?我们一起来看看结构化阅读。

-1-结构化阅读

顾名思义，结构化阅读即从托福阅读结构出发，从整体着眼纵观全文，不再为小词小句伤脑，而是把握全文的框架，这样有利于形成思维预判，增强学生做题信心。

我们先来一起探寻托福阅读本身的奥秘，(如上图所示)，托福文章由初级的词汇题到总结题，信息归纳题等10个不同的题型其实正是对应了从单词、句子、段落到篇章不同级别的难度要求，对学生的能力要求也是逐级递增的。学习了托福阅读本身的出题特点后可以鲜明的推断出其结构性强，学术型强的特点。结构化的文章凸显了可预测的特点，而学术表达的需求正是通过文章结构衍生出的。结合TPO阅读真题对比分析后大致可以将托福阅读文章分成六大基本类别：研究描述类、研究叙述类、对比类、现象解释类、问题解决类以及观点论证类。具体的TPO对应分类如下：

研究描述：研究对象→方面1/方面2

TPO 09-Reflection in Teaching

TPO 11-Ancient Egyptian Sculpture

TPO 14-Children and Advertising

TPO 15-A Warm Blooded Turtle

TPO 22-Spartina

TPO 26-Energy and the Industrial Revolution

TPO 29-Characteristics of Roman Pottery

TPO 30-Role of Play in Development

TPO 33-Railroads and Commercial Agriculture in Nineteenth Century

TPO 43-The Empire of Alexander the Great

TPO 45-Wind pollination

TPO 47-Roman Cultural Influence on Britain

研究叙述：研究对象阶段1→阶段2

TPO 02-Early Cinema

TPO 06-Powering the Industrial Revolution

TPO 09-The Arrival of Plant Life in Hawaii

TPO 12-Transition to Sound in Film

TPO 16-Development of the Periodic Table

TPO 19-Succession Climax and Ecosystems

TPO 29-The History of Waterpower

TPO 34-Islamic Art and the Book

TPO 34-The Development of Steam Power

TPO 40-Ancient Athens

TPO 46-The Origins of Writing

对比分类：研究对象→分类1/分类2

TPO 04-Deer Populations of the Puget Sound

TPO 07-Ancient Rome and Greece

TPO 12-Water in the Desert

TPO 13-Types of Social Groups

TPO 16-Planets in Our Solar System

TPO 17-Animal Signals in the Rain Forest

TPO 17-Symbiotic Relationships

TPO 20-Fossil Preservation

TPO 28-Buck Rubs and Buck Scrapes

TPO 32-Plant Colonization

TPO 42-Callisto and Ganymede

TPO 45-Feeding Strategies in the Ocean

现象解释：研究对象→解释1/解释2

TPO 02-Desert Formation

TPO 05-The Cambrian Explosion

TPO 06-Infantile Amnesia

TPO 08-The Rise of Teotihuacán

TPO 10-Variations in the Climate

TPO 10-Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth

TPO 18-Industrialization in the Netherlands and Scandinavia

TPO 18-Lightning

TPO 20-Westward Migration

TPO 21-Autobiographical Memory

TPO 24-Moving into Pueblos

TPO 29–Competition

TPO 31-Savanna Formation

TPO 32-Siam 1851–1910

TPO 40-Latitude and Biodiversity

TPO 42-Explaining Dinosaur Extinction

TPO 48-Chinese Population Growth

TPO 48-Climate and Urban Development

问题解决：解决困难→方法1/方法2

TPO 04-Petroleum Resources

TPO 13-Methods of Studying Infant Perception

观点论证：观点看法→证据1/证据2

TPO 01-The Origins of Theater

TPO 02-The Origins of Cetaceans

TPO 07-The Geologic History of the Mediterranean

TPO 09-Colonizing the Americas via the Northwest Coast

TPO 11-Begging by Nestlings

TPO 11-Orientation and Navigation

TPO 12-Which Hand Did They Use

TPO 14-Pastoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia

TPO 15-Mass Extinctions

TPO 21-The Origins of Agriculture

TPO 26-Sumer and the First Cities of the Ancient Near East

TPO 31-Speciation in Geographically Isolated Populations

TPO 34-Protection of Plants by Insects

TPO 41-Trade and Early State Formation

TPO 43-The Origin of Petroleum

TPO 46-Ecosystem Diversity and Stability